间苯二甲酰肼

一、简介

中文名称：间苯二甲酰肼

英文名称：Isophthalic dihydrazide

别    称：间苯二甲酸二酰肼、间苯二甲酰二肼、1,3-苯二甲酸二酰肼

分 子 式：C₈H₁₀N₄O₂

物化性质：室温下呈白色结晶性粉末。熔点224-233℃左右，相对密度1.344g/cm³, 微溶于水，可溶于乙醇、丙酮、二氯甲烷等有机溶剂。分子量是194。间苯二甲酰肼是由两个肼基（-NH-NH₂）连接在间苯二甲酰基（-C₆H₄(CO)₂-）上。

结 构 式：

二、技术指标

三、用途

1. 橡胶领域：间苯二甲酰肼在橡胶工业中主要用于改善橡胶的物理性能和耐久性。

①降低滚动阻力：在绿色轮胎胎面胶中，间苯二甲酰肼可以显著降低轮胎的动态生热，增加传热速度，从而提高轮胎的耐久性能。

②改善橡胶性能：添加间苯二甲酰肼后，橡胶的交联密度增加，定伸应力、拉伸强度和耐屈挠疲劳性能提高，但拉断伸长率、撕裂强度和耐磨性能略有降低。

③优化加工性能：间苯二甲酰肼可以缩短焦烧时间，加快硫化速度，同时提高胶料的门尼粘度，但用量需控制在0.2-0.6份之间，以平衡加工性能和动态生热。

2. 荧光探针

间苯二甲酰肼可以与醛类反应生成席夫碱类化合物，这些化合物具有良好的金属离子识别性能，可用于实际水样中Al³⁺和Zn²⁺的检测。

3. 有机合成

①制备耐氯提升剂：间苯二甲酰肼可用于合成耐氯提升剂，能够显著提高锦氨纶泳衣染色织物的耐氯色牢度，织物色变小，手感好，且耐水洗性能优异。

②作为交联剂：间苯二甲酰肼是一种芳香族二羧酸二酰肼交联剂，可提高聚合物的耐热性、耐候性和机械性能

4. 医药领域

间苯二甲酰肼在医药领域具有多方面的应用潜力，尤其是在抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗病毒等药物的开发中展现了重要的价值。

5. 树脂和塑料领域

间苯二甲酰肼还可作为环氧树脂的固化剂、聚氨酯的链扩展剂和丙烯酸乳液的交联剂，能够提高材料的韧性和耐黄变性能。

Isophthalic dihydrazide

1. Introduction

English name: Isophthalic dihydrazide

Alternative names: Isophthalic acid dihydrazide, Isophthalic dihydrazide, 1,3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid dihydrazide

Molecular Formula: C₈H₁₀N₄O₂

Physical and Chemical Properties:

At room temperature, it appears as a white crystalline powder. Melting point: approximately 224–233°C, relative density: 1.344 g/cm³, slightly soluble in water, soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone, and dichloromethane. Molecular weight: 194. Isophthaloyl hydrazide consists of two hydrazide groups (-NH-NH₂) attached to an isophthaloyl group (-C₆H₄(CO)₂-).

Structural formula:

II. Technical specifications

III. Applications

1. Rubber industry: Isophthaloyl hydrazide is primarily used in the rubber industry to improve the physical properties and durability of rubber.

① Reducing rolling resistance: In the tread compound of green tires, isophthaloyl hydrazide can significantly reduce dynamic heat generation in tires, increase heat transfer rates, and thereby enhance tire durability.

② Improving rubber properties: After adding isophthalic hydrazide, the crosslink density of rubber increases, resulting in improved tensile strength, elongation at break, and resistance to flex fatigue, but the tear strength and abrasion resistance are slightly reduced.

③Optimizing processing performance: Isophthalic hydrazide can shorten scorch time, accelerate vulcanization speed, and simultaneously increase the Mooney viscosity of the rubber compound. However, the dosage must be controlled between 0.2 and 0.6 parts to balance processing performance and dynamic heat generation.

2. Fluorescent probes

Isophthalic hydrazide can react with aldehydes to form Schiff base compounds, which exhibit excellent metal ion recognition properties and can be used for the detection of Al³⁺ and Zn²⁺ in actual water samples.

3. Organic Synthesis

① Preparation of chlorine-resistant dyeing agents: Isophthalic hydrazide can be used to synthesize chlorine-resistant dyeing agents, significantly improving the chlorine colorfastness of dyed fabrics made from nylon swimwear. The fabrics exhibit minimal color change, good hand feel, and excellent wash resistance.

② As a crosslinking agent: Isophthalic hydrazide is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid dihydrazide crosslinking agent that can improve the heat resistance, weather resistance, and mechanical properties of polymers.

4. Pharmaceutical field

Isophthalic hydrazide has broad application potential in the pharmaceutical field, particularly demonstrating significant value in the development of anticancer, antibacterial, and antiviral drugs.

5. Resin and plastic field

Isophthalic hydrazide can also serve as a curing agent for epoxy resins, a chain extender for polyurethanes, and a crosslinking agent for acrylic emulsions, thereby improving the toughness and resistance to yellowing of materials.